![]() ![]() MOV A, C (the content of C is copied into the register A)ĭirect Addressing Mode: Data is directly copied from the given address to the register. MOV B, A (the content of A is copied into the register B) Register Addressing Mode: Data is copied from one register to another register. MVI B,40H(40H is copied into the register B) MVI A, 30H (30H is copied into the register A) Immediate Addressing Mode: An immediate is transferred directly to the register. PIPO shift register It consists of PIPO(Parallel Input Parallel Output) register. Register Section- Many registers has been used in microprocessor. Generally INTA is used for acknowledgement. These pins provide interrupt signal sent by external hardware to microprocessor and microprocessor sends acknowledgement for receiving the interrupt signal. Generally an external hardware is connected to these pins. Interrupt Unit- There are 6 interrupt pins in this unit. #APPCLONER LUCKYPATCHER SERIAL#This unit is used for serial data communication. Serial Input Output Control- There are two pins in this unit. It changes its status according the provided input to these pins. There are three status signal used in microprocessor S0, S1 and IO/M. WR-This is active low used for writing operation.RD- This is active low used for reading operation.ALE-Airthmetic Latch Enable, It provides control signal to synchronize the components of microprocessor.It operates with reference to clock signal.It synchronizes all the data transfers. It controls all external and internal circuits. Timing and Control Unit- It provides timing and control signal to the microprocessor to perform the various operation.It has three control signal. Generally stack is a reserved portion of memory where information can be stores or taken back together. It points to the memory location called stack. Stack Pointer- It is also a 16 bit register used as memory pointer. ![]() There are five flip-flops in the flag register are as follows: These registers are programmed by user.ĪLU- ALU performs the airthmetic operations and logical operation.įlag Registers- It consists of 5 flip flop which changes its status according to the result stored in an accumulator. We can not use other pairs except BC,DEand HL. The valid register pairs available are BC,DE HL. These registers can also be used to carry the 16 bits data by making the pair of 2 registers. These are used only during the execution of the instructions. Generally theses registers are not used for storing the data permanently. Microprocessor consists 6 general purpose registers of 8-bit each named as B,C,D,E,H and L. Registers- These are general purposes registers. It is also called as operand register because it provides operands to ALU. Temporary Register- It is a 8-bit register which is used to hold the data on which the acumulator is computing operation. It also works as registers for i/o accesses. The MCS-4 was eventually superseded by powerful microcontrollers like the Intel 8048 and the Zilog Z8 in 1978-1979.Īcumulator- It is a 8-bit register which is used to perform airthmetical and logical operation. The MCS-4 family of 4 chips developed by Intel, of which the 4004 was the CPU or microprocessor, was far more versatile and powerful than the single chip TMS1000, allowing the creation of a variety of small computers for various applications. ![]() It was the precursor of the TMS1000, introduced in 1974, which is considered the first microcontroller i.e., a computer on a chip containing not only the CPU, but also ROM, RAM, and I/O functions. This chip contained a very primitive CPU which could only implement a variety of simple 4-function calculators. The TMS 0100 chip, presented as a “calculator on a chip” with the designation TMS1802NC, was first used commercially in a TI calculator product introduced in 1972. Both the AL1 and the MP944 used several chips for the implementation of the CPU function. Three other CPU chip designs were done at about the same time: the Four-Phase System AL1, done in 1969 the MP944, completed in 1970 and used in the F-14 Tomcat fighter jet and the Texas Instruments TMS0100 chip, announced in September 17, 1971. With these components, small computers with varying amounts of memory and I/O facilities could be built. The 4004 microprocessor was one of 4 chips constituting the MCS-4 chip-set, which included the 4001 ROM, 4002 RAM, and 4003 Shift Register. Such a feat of integration was made possible by the use of the then-new silicon gate technology which allowed twice the number of random-logic transistors and an increase in speed by a factor of five compared to the incumbent technology. The 4004 was history’s first monolithic CPU fully integrated in one small chip. ![]()
0 Comments
Leave a Reply. |
AuthorWrite something about yourself. No need to be fancy, just an overview. ArchivesCategories |